While the Hajj is connected to the life of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, who existed during the 7th century AD. The Muslim tradition of making the pilgrimage to Mecca dates back to Abraham. throughout the Hajj, pilgrims participate in a number of pre-Islamic rites (reformed by Muhammad) and processions of millions of Muslims who simultaneously gather in Mecca all over the Hajj week. Each person wears an Ihram, or single piece of unstitched white clothing, and circumambulates the Kaaba. A cube-shaped building that acts as the Muslim house of prayer, seven times clockwise.
Safa and Marwah
kisses the black stone which sits on the Kaaba’s corner wall, performs seven fast laps between the hills of Safa and Marwah, and then gets a sip from the Zamzam Goes to the plains of Mount Arafat to stand in vigil. stays night in the plain of Muzdalifa, and throws stones at three pillars in a symbolic act of Stoning of the Devil. After the livestock sacrifice (which can be performed with a voucher). The pilgrims must either trim the ends of their hair (for females) or shave or trim their heads (for men). After that is a celebration of the four-day global festival known as Eid al-Adha. In addition, Muslims are able to carry out an Umrah (Arabic: عُمرَة).
Saudi government
Formally published data from 2000 to 2019 shows that 2,269,145 people visited on average yearly; of those, 1,564,710 were foreign visitors and 671,983 are Saudi citizens. With 3,161,573, 2012 is the year with the greatest number of participants. The Saudi government declared in June 2020 that, as a consequence of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, they would only accept “very limited numbers” of pilgrims who are Saudi citizens. Without completely cancelling the Hajj. Similar limitations were in place in 2021, but it women could travel in the company of a trustworthy group even if they were lacking a male guardian.
A certificate for Hajj dated 602 AH (1205 CE).A photograph from 1907 shows pilgrims at the Great Mosque of Mecca, near to the Kaaba.During the Hajj, the Kaaba
Abraham’s time
Muhammad was the one that created the present Hajj protocol. Nonetheless, the Quran states that some aspects of the Hajj date back to Abraham’s time. Islamic belief holds that the Creator commanded Abraham to leave his son Ishmael and his wife Hajar alone in the ancient Mecca desert. Hajar went eagerly seven times between the two hills of Safa and Marwah, looking for water, but he found none. As she disappointed make her way back to Ishmael, she saw the infant scrubbing the ground with his leg and a water fountain forming beneath his foot. Abraham was later given the order to build the history.
History
The Kaaba was surrounded by pagan idols throughout the Age of Ignorance (Jahiliyya), which predates Islam in Arabia. After bringing his followers from Medina to Mecca in AD 630. Muhammad purified the Kaaba by destroying all of the pagan idols and then dedicating the structure to God. Muhammad led a significant number of followers on his one and only Hajj trip in AD 632. During which he gave them instruction about how to perform the holy act. From this vantage point, the Hajj developed become one of Islam’s five pillars.
Pilgrims
at the time, pilgrims would gather at the major cities of Syria. Egypt, and Iraq while travelling to Mecca in caravans and groups that may count in the tens of thousands. Sometimes with the support of the state. Hajj caravans were escorted by a military force led by doctors under the direction of an amir al-hajj. especially with the arrival of the Mamluk Sultanate and its successor. The Ottoman Empire.] In order to maintain the caravan safe from Bedouin bandits or environmental dangers. This was done. and to make sure that the pilgrims receive the required supplies. Mediaeval Muslim pilgrims such as Ibn Jubayr and Ibn Battuta have left behind broad accounts detailing their Hajj journeys. The caravans journeyed over established routes called darb al-hajj, or “pilgrimage road” in Arabic.
Ihram
The word Ihram relates to the distinctive spiritual circumstances, or state of holiness, that each person experiences at the beginning of the Hajj rite. Ihram is carried out either beforehand or once they arrive to the Miqat, according on where they came from.
Ihram state
There are a few things that pilgrims must not do when they visit the Ihram state. Men must wear two white seamless garments while using ihram. one must be wrapped around the waist and extend outside the knee. While the other must be draped over the left shoulder and fastened at the right side. For women, this entails dressing normally so as to comply with the Islamic mandate that one wear public garb that discloses one’s face and hands.
Sak’ay and Tawaf
Walking around the Kaaba seven times clockwise is part of the tawaf rite.[54] As part of Umrah or as a welcome tawaf, travellers perform an arrival tawaf upon reaching Al-Masjid Al-Ḥarām. Pilgrims include Hateem, the region to the north of the Kaaba, into their route when practicing tawaf. The Black Stone gets kissed or caressed to mark the start and finish of each circuit. Along with pointing to the stone, pilgrims recite the Talbiyah prayer. Pilgrims may use their right hand to indicate the stone on every circle if they happen to be unable to touch or kiss it due to the crowds.
Route of the tawaf encircling the Kaaba
Two Rakaat prayers occur at the Place of Abraham (Muqam Ibrahim), a location inside the mosque next to the Kaaba, after Tawaf is finished. They are, nonetheless, free to pray wherever in the mosque during the Hajj due to the enormous numbers. Because of the huge crowds, tawaf is now also performed on the mosque’s first floor and roof, even if the rounds around the Kaaba are still usually performed on the ground level.
It is thought that this ceremony symbolises Tawhid, or the Oneness of God. The pilgrim’s heart and soul should be wandering around the Kaaba.
Tarwiyah
They declare their determination to do the pilgrimage and put on the Ihram clothes once again. The Ihram bans go into effect immediately.
Tarwiyah was named after one of Ja’far al-Sadiq’s narrations. He explained why, on the eight day of Dhu al-Hijjah, there was no water at Mount Arafat. The pilgrims would have prepared and carried their own water from Mecca to Arafat if they were planning to stay there. They thus encouraged one another to drink responsibly. At last, this day is known as Tarwiyah, which in Arabic means to slake one’s thirst. The first day of the Hajj celebration is Tarwiyah Day.
Mount Arafat
On the day of the Hajj, pilgrims from Mina are seen addressing Mount Arafat wearing ihrams.
On the eighth day of Dhu al-Hijjah, adhering to the morning prayer, the pilgrims travel to Mina, where they spend the whole day praying at noon (Note: On Friday, Friday prayer is offered at Mina, instead of Dhuhr prayer), in the afternoon, at night, and in the evening.They depart Mina for their trip to Arafat the following morning following morning prayer.
The Day of Arafah, or the 9th day of Dhul-Hijjah, is also known as the Day of Hajj.
Arafat
Before noon on the 9th day of Dhu al-Hijjah, pilgrims arrive at Arafat. A desolate plain roughly twenty kilometres east of Mecca. There, they stand in contemplative vigil, making supplications, atoning for their previous sins, pleading for God’s mercy. And listening to the sermon delivered by Islamic scholars from the vicinity of Jabal al-Rahmah (The Mount of Mercy), the spot where Muhammad is said to have given his final sermon. This is known as’standing before God’ (wuquf). and it lasts from noon till sunset Pilgrims gather at Masjid al-Namirah at noon to offer joint afternoon and noon prayers. If a pilgrim does not spend the afternoon on Arafat, his Hajj become void.
From Muzdalifah, the pilgrims go to Mina during the morning prayer.
Al-Jamarat, Ramy [edit]
Article priority: The Devil’s stoning
During the 2006 Hajj, pilgrims participated in the “Ramy Al-Jamarat” (Stoning of the Devil) rite.
From sunrise till sunset, pilgrims in Mina do a symbolic Stoning of the Devil (Ramy al-Jamarat) by hurling seven stones at Jamrat al-Aqabah, the largest of the three pillars.[Source self-published?] On this day, the other two pillars, known as the jamarah, are not stoned.It is supposed that these pillars stand for Satan. To reach the multi-level Jamaraat Bridge, pilgrims have to ascend ramps. Once there, they can toss pebbles at the jamarat. In 2004, the pillars were swapped out with long walls with catch basins below to collect stone for safety reasons.
Sacrificing animals
To honour the story of Ibrahim and Ismael, livestock are sacrificed following the Devil’s stoning (Surah 22:34–36). In the past, the pilgrims either shot the animal themselves or oversaw its killing. These days, a lot of pilgrims purchase a sacrifice voucher in Mecca prior to the start of the larger Hajj. Allowing an animal to be killed on the tenth in the pilgrim’s presence in the name of God (Allah). The meat is finished being processed in modern abattoirs before being given to people in need worldwide. During the three-day global celebration known as Eid al-Adha, Muslims all around the world offer comparable sacrifices at the same time as those delivered in Mecca.
Hair removal
Shaving or cutting off hair on the head (known as Halak) is another essential Hajj ritual that follows animal sacrifice. On the day of Eid al Adha, all male pilgrims shave or cut their hair, and female pilgrims cut the ends of their hair.
Ifadah/Tawaf Ziyarat
Tawaf is a ritual performed by pilgrims around the Kaaba.
Tawaf al-Ifadah, or the additional pilgrimage to the Sacred Mosque in Mecca. It is an important part of the Hajj that pilgrims perform either on the same day or the next. It represents rushing to answer God and express love for Him, which is a required element of the Hajj. We spend the tenth reunion night at Mina.
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